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ADHD-Treatment

How to Treat ADHD Effectively?

As we discussed earlier, ADHD is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. It has been shown ADHD reduces the life span from about 12-13 years. It affects academic and occupational performances, and it reduces their earning potential. ADHD increases risk of injury/criminality/suicide/substance use/societal disability and manifesting psychiatric comorbidities.

Multiple recommendations have been published over the past 20 years and they all suggest that medications are very effective in controlling ADHD. Medications improve the symptoms, improve their academic and occupational performance. Risk of injuries/criminal behavior/suicide/substance use, and societal disabilities all have been shown to improve with medications. Medications also prevent or mitigate psychiatric comorbidities.

There are many medications available to treat ADHD. First-line medications (stimulants) recommended are:

  1. Methylphenidate in children
  2. Amphetamines in adults

Above mentioned group of medications are available in immediate release, intermediate release, and long-acting formulations. The provider will pick the correct medicine for you after evaluation.

There are other disorders coexisting with ADHD. They are called comorbidities. About 80% of patients with ADHD have associated comorbidities (Conduct disorder, Oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety, depression, etc.). Based on the comorbidities, the provider will add another group of medications called non-stimulants. Non-stimulants can be used alone or in combination with stimulants. Stimulants are more efficacious than non-stimulants.

Non-stimulants approved to treat ADHD are Atomoxetine, Viloxazine, Clonidine, and Guanfacine.

Behavioral therapy, nutrition, diet, and exercise can be used in adjuvant to medications to help patients with ADHD.